2015年text2 第四段，第五段：

①Their thesis—that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact—was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. ②They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.

③Many first- generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of college resources,” they write. ④And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students. ⑤“Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students ’educational experience, many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students’ like them can improve.”

句子切分：

第一句：

1. Their thesis was based on the view

2. —that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact—

3. （view）that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about（同位语从句）

4.  how to deal with the issues that face most college students.（做about的介词宾语从句）

翻译解析：他们的文章基于以下观点——一个相对适中的干预也许会有大的影响——这个观点即第一代大学生很可能缺乏的并不是潜力，而是实践知识。

 

第二句：

1. They cite past research by several authors to show

2. that this is the gap to close the achievement gap

3. (the gap) that must be narrowed .

翻译解析：他们引用了一些作者之前的研究，说明只有缩小这一差距才能缩小学业差距。

 

第三句：

1. Many first- generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education,

2. （Many first- generation students）learn the ‘rules of the game,’

3. （Many first- generation students）and take advantage of college resources,”

4. they write.

翻译解析：许多第一代大学生“艰难地适应高等教育中的中产阶级文化（A of B的结构翻译B的A），学习‘游戏规则’，利用学校资源，”他们写道。

 

第四句：

1. And this becomes more of a problem

2. when colleges don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students.

翻译解析：然而当学校对不同学生群体的利弊闭口不谈的时（状语从句前置），这就变成了一个问题。

 

第五句：

1. “Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge

2.  how social class can affect students ’educational experience,（做acknowledge的宾语从句）

3. many first-generation students lack sight about

4. why they are struggling and do not understand（做about的介词宾语从句）

5.  how students’ like them can improve.”

翻译解析：“因为美国的学院和大学很少承认社会阶层是可以影响学生的教育经历，许多第一代大学生不能理解为什么他们会如此艰难，也不知道该如何提升自己。

 

动词及短语（重点）：

 

struggle to：努力做某事，通常指非常不容易做到；

navigate：本文考察其表示解决应对的义项；难点义项；作为该义项真题中还出现过，approach/address等；其本意是航行，驾驶；

take advantage of：充分利用某优势；

acknowledge：真题中考察其义项是承认，相当于recognize;

cite：引用（作为例证）；

 

其他相关词汇：

sight：本文表示见解；

relatively：相对来说。

modest：适度的；高频

intervention：名词，干预，介入；

potential：本文出现了两次，表示潜在的；

issues：问题；

延伸阅读：

1.【英语】2015年真题文本精讲181期

2.【英语】2015年真题文本精讲180期

交流与评论 》 在线咨询 咨询热线：400-969-8182