2015年text2 第二段，第三段：

①But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.

②The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. ③First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. ④Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degree.

句子切分：

第一句：

1. But the article is actually quite optimistic,

2. as it outlines a potential solution to this problem,

3. suggesting that an approach can close 63 percent of the achievement gap between first-generation and other students.

4. approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program)

5. gap (measured by such factors as grades)

翻译解析：但是这篇文章还是很乐观的，因为它勾勒出了解决这个问题的潜在办法，文章（增词法）建议道，有一种方式（该方式需要一个小时，基本无成本）能将第一代大学生与其他学生的成绩差距(以分数这样的因素来衡量的话)缩小63%。

第二句：

1. The authors of the paper are from different universities,

2. and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students at an unnamed private university.

3. students (who completed the project)

翻译解析：这篇文章的作者（A of B的结构翻译成B的A）来自不同的大学，他们的发现是基于对一所匿名私立大学147名学生（他们都完成了这个项目）（修饰语前置）的研究。

 

第三句：

First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree.

翻译解析：第一代大学生被定义为父母双方都未取得过四年制大学学位的人。

 

第四句：

1. Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need,

2. while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degree.

翻译解析：大多数第一代大学生（59.1%）都接受过（名词动词化）Pell助学的资助，这（增词法）是一个资助经济困难大学生的联邦助学金，而对于家长中有一名是拥有四年制本科学位的大学生来说，获得此助学金的比例是8.6%。

 

动词及短语（重点）：

outline：这里用作动词，表示概述；

solve（动词，解决）-solution（名词，解决的办法）

approach：真题中考察了其两个义项：1.作为名词，表示方法；2.作为动词，表示处理解决；

be defined as ：被定义为；

grants：本文用作名词，表示拨款，助学金；其还可以用做动词，表示为什么拨款；

be true for ：符合于

deal with ：处理，解决；

 

其他相关词汇：

optimistic（乐观的）-pessimistic（悲观的）

next-to-no-cost：几乎没有成本的；

paper：在这里表示论文,相当于本文中出现的thesis；

unnamed：不知名的

receive（动词，获得）-recipient（名词，获得者）

延伸阅读：

1.【英语】2015年真题文本精讲180期

2.【英语】2015年真题文本精讲179期

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