2015年text2 第一段

①For years, studies have found that first-generation college students- those who do not have a parent with a college degree- lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. ②Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher.③ But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. ④This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first- generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.

 

句子切分：

第一句：

1. For years,

2. studies have found

3. that first-generation college students lag other students on a range of education achievement factors.

4. - those who do not have a parent with a college degree-

翻译解析：长期以来，许多研究已经发现，第一代大学生——那些父母没有大学学位的学生——在一系列学业成绩上都落后于其他学生。

 

第二句：

Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher.

翻译解析：他们的成绩更低而辍学率更高。

 

第三句：

1. But since such students are most likely to advance economically

2.  if they succeed in higher education,

3. colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them.

翻译解析：但是这些学生一旦完成高等教育（条件状语从句前置），他们更有可能在收入上获得提高，因此高校几十年以来一直鼓励多招收这些学生。

 

第四句：

1. This has created “a paradox”

2.  in （a paradox ）that recruiting first- generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means（定语从句）

3.  that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” an achievement gap based on social class, （宾语从句）

4. according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.（句末插入语）

翻译解析：这也带来了一个“困局”：录取第一代大学生又看着他们当中许多人失败，意味着高等教育 “持续地重制和扩大，而不是缩小”这种基于社会阶层的差距，一篇即将发表在《心理科学》的论文，其开头令人沮丧地写道。

 

动词及短语（重点）：

 

lag：落后于；本年度的高频词汇；

push to do sth：努力做某事；

recruit：本文表示录取（大学生）；其另外一个重要的意思是招聘（新员工）；

watch sb do sth：看着某人做某事；注意这里的do用原形；

produce（制造）-reproduce（再制造）

depress（动词，压抑，使沮丧）-depressing（现在分词，做形容词，表示压抑的，令人沮丧的）

forthcome：出现，向前；

 

 

其他相关词汇：

a range of：一系列；真题中有非常多的量词，如an array of/oceans of/a train of/a series of/a number of等

dropout：辍学

paradox：自相矛盾的人或事；

wide（形容词，宽的）-widen（动词，变宽）

an achievement gap：学业差异；

延伸阅读：

1.【英语】2015年真题文本精讲179期

2.【英语】2015年真题文本精讲178期

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