【英语】2013年真题文本精讲155期
2013年text3 第二段,第三段
①Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. ②But we need more time to assess other factors. ③To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. ④It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.
⑤But snap decisions in reaction to rapid, even subliminal stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. ⑥Sanford DeVoe and Chen-Bo Zhong, psychologists at the University of Toronto, found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. ⑦We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing. ⑧Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.
句子切分:
第一句:
1. Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms;
2. if we are judging whether someone is dangerous,
3. our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds.
翻译解析:快速决策是重要的自我防御机制;如果我们要判断某人是否危险,我们的大脑和身体会本能地反应迅速,只需几毫秒的时间。
第二句:
But we need more time to assess other factors.
翻译解析:但是我们需要更多的时间来评估其他因素。
第三句:
1. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable
2. , studies show,
3. we need at least a minute, preferably five.
翻译解析:研究显示(插入语前置),要精确判断一个人是否善社交,我们至少需要一分钟,最好五分钟。
第四句:
1. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,
2. like neuroticism or open-mindedness.
翻译解析:判断性格中复杂的方面需要花些时间,比如神经过敏或者思想开放。
第五句:
But snap decisions in reaction to rapid, even subliminal stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm.
翻译解析:但快速刺激下的快速(多重后置定语前置,采用“后浪推前浪”的方法)决策并不仅限于人际交往的范畴。
第六句:
1. Sanford DeVoe and Chen-Bo Zhong, psychologists at the University of Toronto, found
2. that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster,
3. even though reading has little to do with eating.
翻译解析:多伦多大学的心理学家发现,尽管阅读与吃饭没有任何关系(让步状语前置),但盯着快餐标志几毫秒就可以让人们的阅读速度加快20%。
第七句:
1. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience
2. (we)and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing.
翻译解析:我们无意识地将快餐和速度以及不耐烦联系在一起,并将这些冲动带到我们所做的其他事情上。
第八句:
1.Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think
2.(that)a musical piece lasts too long.
翻译解析:那些看到快餐标识的测试者往往会认为一件音乐作品太拖沓。
动词及短语(重点):
defend(动词,防守)-defense(名词,防御,防守)-defensive(形容词,自卫的)
assess:评估,评定;与本文的evaluate意思相近;注意与access接近,获得相区别;
judge:本文做动词,表示判断;该词还考察过做名词,表示法官,判官(2010年Text4);以及做动词表示判断;
be exclusive to sth:专为...而独享;
view:该词在本文表示看;真题中还考过其作为名词表示风景的义项(2011年Text3)以及观点的义项;
prime sb to do sth:使某人准备好去做某事;prime使准备好;注意与前文提到的prone倾向,易于相区别;
associate A with B:将A与B联系在一起;该词我们在前面已经多次有提到,真题中还出现了表示副的;联想;与什么相联系三个义项;以及派生词association协会的用法;
expose (to):暴露于某物
其他相关词汇:
decision:本文表示决定;在2010年Text4中该词表示裁决,也是非常重要的义项;
machine(机器)-mechanical(机械的)-mechanism(机制):三个单词都在真题中出现过;
millisecond:毫秒;前缀milli-表示毫,千分之一;如毫米mm(milli-meter);
social-sociable:二者都是形容词,但是意义有别,前者表示社会的,社交的;后者表示好交际的,友善的;
complex:复杂的;注意与complete完整的,完成相对比记忆;
person-personal(个人的)-personality(性格,相当于character)-interpersonal(人际的)
open-mindedness:开放心态;
in reaction to:对什么做出反应;
rapid-quick-snap-(high-speed):这几个词在本文中均表达了“快”的意思;
stimuli:刺激,刺激之物;促进因素,是stimulus(2011Text3)的复数形式;
realm:领域,范围;真题中表示这一义项的还有field/area;
patient(有耐心的)-patience(耐心)-impatient(不耐烦的)-impatience(不耐烦)
impulse:冲动;
subject:本文考察了其非常重要的一个义项,表示实验对象,测试者;
flash:闪光,闪现瞬间;
延伸阅读:
深圳分校:www.huajie100.com
南山校区
地址:南山区科技园南区高新南7道清华大学研究院2楼
咨询电话:0755-26551116 83660350
福田校区
地址:福田区深南中路2008号华联大厦6楼(科学馆地铁站B口旁)
咨询电话:0755-83661015 83661569
广州分校:gz.huajie100.com
苏州分校:suzhou.huajie100.com
北京分校:bj.huajie100.com
上海分校:sh.huajie100.com
西安分校:xian.huajie100.com
全国其他分校:400-969-8182
华杰官方微信:
华杰官方微博: