【英语】2011年英语真题文本精学116期
2011年阅读理解Text1第一段
①Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000; a year later she became president of Brown University. ②For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much criticism. ③But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? ④By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. ⑤The position was just taking up too much time, she said.
句子切分:
第一句:
1. Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000;
2. a year later she became president of Brown University.
翻译解析:2000年1月(时间状语提前翻),Ruth Simmons以独立董事的身份(方式状语提前翻)加入高盛公司的董事会,一年后她担任了布朗大学的校长。
第二句:
1. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles
2. without attracting much criticism.
翻译解析:在接下来的十年里,她很明显地两个角色都很成功,并没有引起太多非议(后置介词短语分句翻)。
第三句:
1. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire
2. for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee;
3. how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked?
翻译解析:但是2009年底,Simmons女士因担任高盛公司薪酬委员会委员(原因状语提前翻)而受到了指责。她怎么能未经许就让如此巨额的奖金得以发放又没引起人们的注意呢?
第四句:
By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board.
翻译解析:到第二年的2月份,Simmons离开了高盛公司董事会。
第五句:
The position was just taking up too much time, she said.
翻译解析:她说(句末插入语提前翻),这个职位占据了她太多时间。
动词及短语(重点):
join A as B:作为B加入A;
direct-director
direct:可以作为形容词,表示直接的,如2010年真题里的direct democracy直接民主;可以作为动词表示指导,指挥;重要词汇
director:可以在不同的语境下翻译成诸如负责人;处长;主任;经理;董事;导演等等;(其实就是它作为动词的一个执行者)
manage sth (doing sth):胜任某事或胜任做某事;考试重要义项;
criticize(动词,批评,批判)-criticism(名词,批判,批判)
compensate(动词,补偿)-compensation(名词,补偿,赔偿)
remark(动词,察觉;评论)-unremarked(形容词,未被注意到的):五星级词汇
take up...time:占用时间;重要短语
be under fire:受到指责,受到批判;注意与be fired被解雇相区别;重要短语
其他相关词汇(选择记忆):
committee:委员会;英语中表示委员会真题中出现过的还有commission/council
bonus:奖金,红利;注意与subsidies(政府)津贴,补助相区分;
position:本文表示职位;考试重点义项
board:在这里表示(公司)董事会;熟词僻义
by:该词虽然简单,但是在真题中绝对是高频,其在真题中的用法可以总结如下:1.后面接时间,表示截止到某时(by 2010截止到2010年);2.后面接人,表示被某人或被某人怎么样(disappearances by directors由外部董事造成的消失);3.后面接其他表示方式或原因,翻译成通过什么方式或手段;4.后面接数量或百分比,表示增加或减少了多少量(increase by 20%);
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