【英语】2012年英语真题文本精讲145期
2012年text4第三段
①But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. ②In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U. S. ,lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms.③ Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.
句子切分:
第一句:
But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off.
翻译解析:但是对于大多数人来说,这些好处微乎其微、模模糊糊、太不现实。
第二句:
1. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, (英文中斜体的一般为书名)
2. the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues
3. both inside and outside the U. S. ,(时间状)
4. (that引导宾语从句做argue的宾语)that lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive,
5. and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms.
翻译解析:经济史学家Benjamin Friedman在《经济增长的道德后果》一书中认为无论在美国还是在其他国家,长期的经济停滞或下降使社会变得更加心胸狭窄,缺乏包容性,并且通常使人权和自由的进步停滞甚至倒退。
第三句:
1. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases,
2. as does conflict between races and classes.(as 引导同等方式状打头,句子需要倒装,表示与前面提到情况相同)
翻译解析:与种族和阶级矛盾会加剧一样,反移民情绪也会增加。
动词及短语(重点):
reverse:倒退;词根vers表示走,前缀re表示往回,往回走,延伸出来表示后退,倒退;
conflict(with):与...相冲突;真题高频词汇;
decline:在这里用作名词,与stagnation近义词并列;该词还可以用做动词,表示下降,拒绝;也是考察的重点义项;
include(动词,包含)-inclusive(形容词,包含的,包括的,也有包容的意思)-tolerant(宽容的,容忍的):两个词在本文中都有出现,表示包容的,容忍的,结合记忆;
其他相关词汇:
benefit-profit-interest:这三个词在真题中用作名词都有表示利益,好处;
thin(benefit)-slim(product)-lean(times):这三个词都有表示瘦,少的意思,但是他们跟不同的词搭配有不一样的语境意义;如前面微小的利润;更少的内容;萧条时期;
certain(确定的)-uncertain(不确定的)
far off:遥远的,久远的;
moral:品德的;该词在2010年Text4中也出现过 moral character道德品质;
consequence(名词,结果,后果)-consequent(名词,结果;形容词,随后发生的)-consequently(副词,因此)
long(长的)-length(长度)-lengthy(漫长的,冗长的)
stagnation:停滞不前,这里表示萧条,不景气;
mean-spirited:心胸狭窄的;卑鄙的;mean这个单词在这里用作形容词表示心眼坏的,恶毒的;重点考试义项;
anti-immigrant:反移民的;im-migrate强调移民进入某个国家;e-migrate强调,移民出某个国家;
sentiment:情绪;sent这一词根表示感情,后面加了名词后缀ment;
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