【英语】2010年真题精学109期
2010年真题阅读理解Text3第一段、第二段
①Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors— habits—among consumers. ②There habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.
③“There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits,” said Dr. Curtis, the director of the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. ④“We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”
真题重点词汇及短语:
decade:十年;经常后面加s表示几十年;高频词汇
perfect:这里用做动词,表示使完善;重点单词
automatic:这表示无意识的;后文还出现了其副词形式automatically,在本文均可翻译成无意识的;本身的含义是自动的
behave(动词,行为表现)-behavior(名词,行为)
help sb (to)do sth:帮助某人干某事
consumer-customer:本文这两个词都表示消费者;同义词复现
billions of :数以十亿的;需要注意的是这里的billion后面加s表示一个大概的数字,而不是具体的数字;比如后文还会出现的hundreds of millions of表示成百上千万的;
snack:小吃,快餐;注意与snake蛇相区分;
wipe counters:刷卡;wipe做动词表示擦拭;counter柜台
in response to sth :对什么做出响应,做出反应;重点短语
a set of:一系列;
cue:提示,暗示;
fundamental:基本的,根本的;
A instead of B:是A而不是B;重点短语
soap:香皂,肥皂;注意与soup汤相区分
figure out sth:解决某事,相出办法;重要短语
learn from sb:向某人学习
句子分解:
第一句:
1. Over the past decade,
2. many companies had perfected the art
3. art of creating automatic behaviors— habits—among consumers.
参考翻译:在过去十年当中,许多公司完善了在消费者中创造无意识行为的艺术。
第二句:
1. when customers eat snacks or wipe counters almost without thinking,
2. There habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars
3. often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.
参考翻译:当消费者不加思考地吃快餐或刷卡时,这些习惯帮助公司赚取了数十亿美元的利润,这些都是一系列经过仔细设计的暗示。
第三句:
1. “There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit,
2. that remain killers
3. only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits,”
4. said Dr. Curtis, the director of the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
参考翻译:伦敦卫生与热带医学卫生中心主任Curtis博士说,“有一些基本的公共健康问题,比如手脏了却不用肥皂洗手的习惯,还仍然是公共健康的杀手,仅仅因为我们不知道怎样改变人们的习惯。”
第四句:
1. “We wanted to learn from private industry
2. how to create new behaviors
3. that happen automatically.”
参考翻译:“我们想向私有企业学习怎样创造无意识行为的习惯。”
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