【英语】2014年真题文本精学165期
2014年text2 第一段、第二段
①An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you’re more beautiful than you are. ②We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this. ③Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they call the “above average effect”, or “illusory superiority”, and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and85% at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities.
④We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. ⑤We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem.⑥ We stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.
句子切分:
第一句:
1. An article in Scientific America has pointed out
2. that empirical research says that
3. , actually, (插入语)
4. you think you’re more beautiful than you are.
翻译解析:《科学美国人》上的一篇文章指出,实验研究表明:实际上,人们通常认为自己比实际漂亮。
第二句:
1. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves
2. and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this.
翻译解析:我们对自我感觉良好的需要根深蒂固,所以自然而然地使用了一些自我提升的策略来达到这个目的。
第三句:
1. Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into
2. what they call the “above average effect”, or “illusory superiority”,
3. and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and85% at getting on well with others
4. —all obviously statistical impossibilities.
翻译解析:社会心理学家已经大量研究了他们所谓的“高于均数效应”,或“虚幻的优越感(介词宾语从句顺序翻),结果表明:例如,70%的人认为自己的领导力高于常人,93%的人认为自己的驾驶技术更好,85%的人信任自己的社交能力——所有这些数据在统计学上都是不可能的。
第四句:
1. We rose-tint our memories and
2. (we)put ourselves into self-affirming situations.
翻译解析:我们会美化自己的记忆,进行自我肯定。
第五句:
1. We become defensive when criticized,
2. (we)and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem.
翻译解析:当我们受到质疑时(状语前置)会进行自我防卫,并且会对别人持负面观点来提高我们的自尊。
第六句:
We stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.
翻译解析:我们趾高气扬,认为自己很受欢迎。
动词及短语(重点):
deep-seated:根深蒂固的;相当于deep-rooted;
need:该单词虽然简单,但是属于高频,常考察到的有两个词性:1.动词,need to do sth需要做某事(这里的to为动词不定式,后跟动词原形);2.用作名词,表示需要,相当于necessity;
feel good about oneself:对某人自己感觉良好;
employ:该单词做为使用,采用的义项是考察的重点,如本文;同时其做为雇佣的义项常考其演绎词如employer/employee;
enhance(动词,提高,增强)/self-enhancing(现在分词做形容词,自我增强的)/self-enhancement(名词,自我提升)
amass:积聚,积累;mass可以表示多的,a-在这里表示强调,强调多的,那延伸出来表示积累,积聚;相当于collect;
rate sb as sth:评估(评价)某人为某物
get on well with sth/sb:与某人或某处相处得好
affirm(断言,肯定)-self-affirming(自我肯定)
defend(动词,防守,防御)-defensive(形容词,自卫的,防守的)
apply A to B:把A应用到B
boost one's esteem=enhance one's esteem(增强某人的自尊)
stalk around:趾高气扬的游荡;
其他相关词汇:
a number of/oceans of/a train of/an array of:考研真题中有非常多的类似的量词,用来表示多,平时可以多积累下,关注下其后面接的名词是可数还是不可数;
illusion(名词,错觉,幻觉)-illusory(形容词,错觉的)
super(特级的,极好的)-superior(高级的,优秀的)-superiority(优越感)
statistics(名词,统计,统计学,s不能省略)-statistical(形容词,统计学的)
stereotype(s)(成见,老套)-stereotypical(形容词,老套的,2010年Text2里面考察到stereotypical cartoon scene老套的卡通场景)
hot stuff:奇才,大人物;
experience(经验,经历)-empirical(经验主义的,实证的)
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